symphony

[sim-fuh-nee]

noun

plural

symphonies 

1. Music.

   1. an elaborate instrumental composition in three or more movements, similar in form to a sonata but written for an orchestra and usually of far grander proportions and more varied elements.

   2. an instrumental passage occurring in a vocal composition, or between vocal movements in a composition.

   3. an instrumental piece, often in several movements, forming the overture to an opera or the like.

2. symphony orchestra.

3. a concert performed by a symphony orchestra.

4. anything characterized by a harmonious combination of elements, especially an effective combination of colors.

5. harmony of sounds.

6. Archaic.,  agreement; concord.

symphony

/ sɪmˈfɒnɪk, ˈsɪmfənɪ /

noun

1. an extended large-scale orchestral composition, usually with several movements, at least one of which is in sonata form. The classical form of the symphony was fixed by Haydn and Mozart, but the innovations of subsequent composers have freed it entirely from classical constraints. It continues to be a vehicle for serious, large-scale orchestral music

2. a piece of instrumental music in up to three very short movements, used as an overture to or interlude in a baroque opera

3. any purely orchestral movement in a vocal work, such as a cantata or oratorio

4. short for symphony orchestra

5. 1. another word for consonance Compare diaphony

   2. the interval of unison

6. anything distinguished by a harmonious composition

   the picture was a symphony of green

7. archaic,  harmony in general; concord

symphony

1. An extended musical composition for orchestra in several movements, typically four. Among the composers especially known for their symphonies are Ludwig van Beethoven, Johannes Brahms, Franz Josef Haydn, Gustav Mahler, and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.

Other Word Forms

• symphonic adjective
• symphonically adverb
• presymphony noun

Word History and Origins

Origin of symphony¹

1250–1300; Middle English symfonye < Old French symphonie < Latin symphōnia concert < Greek symphōnía harmony. See sym-, -phony

Word History and Origins

Origin of symphony¹

C13: from Old French symphonie, from Latin symphōnia concord, concert, from Greek sumphōnia, from _syn- + phōnē sound

Example Sentences

Phil president and chief executive last summer, and with it she proposes a possible rethink of the very nature of how a symphony orchestra might operate in the future.

From Los Angeles Times

The third in another Glass trilogy, this of symphonies based on David Bowie albums, “Lodger” consists of seven Bowie songs sung by Kidjo with new music by Glass.

From Los Angeles Times

When Bryant heard John’s piece for the very first time, emanating from a symphony orchestra, “Oh my God,” he said.

From Los Angeles Times

Next year, he will become the first Latin American to lead the New York Philharmonic, the oldest symphony orchestra in the US.

From BBC

Dudamel has conducted this symphony many times in L.A., including at his first concert in Walt Disney Concert Hall as the orchestra’s music director.

From Los Angeles Times

Related Words

• concert 
• music 
• orchestra 

When To Use

What’s the difference between a symphony, an orchestra, and a philharmonic?

In popular use, symphony, orchestra, and philharmonic are often used interchangeably to refer to a large group of musicians assembled to play music, especially classical music.The most common (and general) term is orchestra. Most large orchestras include many different instruments and classes of instruments, including strings, woodwinds, brass, and percussion.The word symphony primarily refers to a complex, multipart musical composition (like Beethoven’s fifth symphony), but it’s also a short way of referring to a symphony orchestra—a large orchestra, the kind that performs symphonies. (Smaller orchestras—those with about 25 people—are often called chamber orchestras). As a noun, the word philharmonic can refer to a symphony orchestra or to the organization that sponsors it (sometimes called a philharmonic society, in which philharmonic is used as an adjective). The word orchestra most commonly refers to the group of musicians, but it can also refer to the space reserved for them, usually the front part of the main floor (sometimes called the orchestra pit).Both symphony and philharmonic are sometimes used in the names of orchestras, as in the Chicago Symphony Orchestra, the New York Philharmonic, and the London Philharmonic Orchestra.Here’s an example of symphony, orchestra, and philharmonic used correctly in a sentence.Example: I’ve attended performances of this symphony by the Berlin Philharmonic, the Philadelphia Orchestra, and the Boston Symphony Orchestra. Want to learn more? Read the full breakdown of the difference between symphony, orchestra, and philharmonic.